CP4 - WEIGHTED AVERAGE CALCULATIONS FOR POPULATING COST-EFFECTIVENESS MODELS: HOW IGNORING THE MODEL’S CLINICAL PATHWAYS CAN SIGNIFICANTLY BIAS THE INCREMENTAL COST-EFFECTIVENESS RATIO (ICER)

Testing the validity of cost-effectiveness models.

A growing body of recent work has identified several problems with economic evaluations undertaken alongside controlled trials that can have potentially serious impacts on the ability of decision makers to draw valid conclusions. At the same time, the use of cost-effectiveness models has been drawn into question, due to the alleged arbitrary nature of their construction. This has led researcher...

Cohort decomposition for Markov cost-effectiveness models.

Cohort analysis is a widespread tool for computing expected costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) in Markov models for medical cost-effectiveness analyses. Although not always explicitly identified, such models commonly have multiple simple factors, or components. In these, a health state consists of a multiple component vector, one component for each factor, and arbitrary combinations ...

Incremental Cost-Effectiveness (ICE) Concepts

Acceptance of health technology assessment submissions with incremental cost-effectiveness ratios above the cost-effectiveness threshold

OBJECTIVES In health technology assessment (HTA) agencies where cost-effectiveness plays a role in decision-making, an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) threshold is often used to inform reimbursement decisions. The acceptance of submissions with ICERs higher than the threshold was assessed across different agencies and across indications, in order to inform future reimbursement submi...

The primacy of clinical effectiveness for cost effectiveness analysis.

Despite the many advances in cardiovascular therapeutics over the last two decades, the incidence of death or myocardial infarction in the six months following clinical presentation with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) (excluding ST elevation myocardial infarction) remains unacceptably high at 12–15% (fig 1). Most ACS trials have focused on reducing ischaemic events during the in-hospital treatm...